Organizing data

Ask the user for a score out of 100 and print the grade they earned. The straightforward way to practice if, elif, and else on a single number.

Ask the user the status of their scholarship application and print a tailored response. This time the comparisons are on text, not numbers — the same if / elif / else, applied to strings.

Keep several scholarships under one label, then walk through them with a for loop and print each on its own line. The cleanest way to practice a list and a loop together.

Total a list of application fees with a loop. Practice the start-at-zero, add-one-at-a-time pattern you'll reuse all term for counting and averaging.

The computer picks a secret number; the player keeps guessing until they get it. Your first real game — it pulls together a while loop, input, int(), comparisons, and a counter into one program.

Play best-of against the computer. Combines a list of valid moves, in to check input, comparisons to decide the winner, a while loop to keep playing, and counters for the score.

Run a short quiz from two parallel lists — questions and answers — and score it. The purest combiner: a list, indexing, a for loop, a counter, and a comparison, no new tools at all.

Write one function that builds a greeting, then call it on a whole list of applicants. Your first taste of writing a routine once and reusing it — def, a parameter, and return.

Write a function that takes a score and returns a verdict, then use what it hands back — count how many scores pass. The exercise that makes return click: the caller decides what to do with the answer.

Ten short Python functions, already written for you. For each one, answer four questions in plain words — its name, what it needs, its job, and whether it returns an answer. No code to write or run; this is pure reading, to make functions click before you write your own.

A small provision shop wants a program to handle a sale. You won't write any code — you'll plan the functions the program needs, describing each one in plain words: its name, what it needs, its job, and whether it hands back an answer.

A school wants a program to handle a student's results. You won't write any code — you'll plan the functions the program needs, describing each one in plain words: its name, what it needs, its job, and whether it hands back an answer.

Keep several scholarships as a list of dictionaries, then loop through to print them and filter the ones still open. This is the shape of real data — one record per dictionary, all of them in one list.

Count how many times each answer appears using a dictionary — the classic counting pattern, where .get() with a default does the heavy lifting.

Keep a price list in a dictionary, then add up the cost of one applicant's order. Dictionary lookup meets the start-at-zero totalling pattern.

Turn a flat list of scholarship records into a dictionary that groups them by country. The 'group by' pattern — a dictionary whose values are lists — that you'll use on real data forever.

Build a small shopping list, then use every list move from the lesson — indexing, slicing, append, remove, in. Short but covers the ground.

Use a dictionary to remember five people and their phone numbers. Look one up, add one, loop over all of them.

Count how many times each word appears in a sentence. The classic exercise that puts dictionaries to honest work.